Background Lung dysfunction is one of the major complications during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary by pass cardiopulmonary bypass（CPB）, and lung protection has been a clinical, experimental research focus. Objective Offering reference for lung protection of cardiac surgery with CPB. Content We review current progress of lung-protective strategies during cardiac surgery with CPB, mainly on advances of ventilation strategies and anaesthetic, equipments and technique of CPB, perfusion of pulmonary artery, as well as drug interference. Trend Lung protection of cardiac surgery with CPB has been achieved some results, but more research is still worth carrying out.