Background　Atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice. New oral anticoagulants(NOAC) have become the first line anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation because of its rapid onset, short half?蛳life, less food?蛳drug interactions, less bleeding complications, and relatively stable international normalized ratio(INR).　Objective　To review the management of NOAC in perioperative period.　Content　NOAC for clinical use include dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, etc. These drugs have similar effectiveness as warfarin, but significantly lower incidence of hemorrhage and embolism. In perioperative management, NOAC may be selected according to medical history, types of operation and anesthesia, and propensity of bleeding and blood congestion in patients. During the application of NOAC, the coagulation function and pharmacokinetics of the drugs should be assayed with appropriate methods. Up till now, dabigatran is the only currently available NOAC that has specific antidote, idarucizumab. Except for dilution with freshly frozen plasma and administration of prothrombin complex concentrates, no available drugs can antagonize the effects of other NOAC.　Trend　Further investigations are demanding to overcome two he major challenges for clinical management of perioperative NOAC: ① lacks of standard, sensitive, and easy?蛳to?蛳use methods to measure the concentrations of NOAC. ② absence of potent specific antagonists for individual NOAC.