Nuclear transcription factorκB （NF-kB）almost plays a role in every aspect of cell regulation: proliferation，apoptosis，differentiation, immune activation.Recent research found that NF-kB contributes to the development of neuropathic pain via inflammation，apoptosis and synaptic plasticity mechanisms. Neuropathic pain severely affects the quality of a patient's life，the management of neuropathic pain is still a major challenge to us.This article provides an overview of recent research on the role of NF-kB in neuropathic pain.