Background Neuropsychological tests is an important means for study and diagnose postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). But how to standard conduct neuropsychological assess scale of POCD is no consensus currently. Objective We reviewed the literatures of clinical studies about POCD recently. Content Summarized the neuropsychological methods in literatures about POCD, and analyzed advantages and disadvantages. Trend We need to design a special scale for POCD. The scale is not only accurate and comprehensive reflect the cognitive state in patients, but also the evaluation process is simple. It has multiple sets of parallel versions, and the results should be using special statistical methods to reduce error and learning effects of testing.