Background Cerebral dysfunction contributes to high mortality on patients suffering from cardiovascular disease following successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Hypothermia therapy can significantly improve neurological outcome which was proved by a large number of literatures. Objective The advantage and disadvantage of the existing cooling　method　are discussed and new ideas are provided for related clinical research. Content This article reviews the history of hypothermia,the mechanism of cerebral protection and cooling method.Trend Hypothermia therapy will have broad application prospects.Selective brain cooling will be the focus of the study.