Objective To evaluate the effect of remifentanil on bucking response to tracheal extubation in patients undergoing the neurological surgery. Methods 60 ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients scheduled for the neurological surgery were performed in fast-induced tracheal intubation, were maintained continous infusion of propofol and remifentanil, were randomly divided into three groups by remifentanil manner of infusion , 20 cases of each group: At the end of surgery , remifentanil was not infusion in group A. In group B,a bolus dose of remifentanil(1ug • kg-1) was given before bandaging the head of patients , continous infusion of remifentanil(0.05 ug•kg-1•min-1) was only in group C until extubation. HR, MAP, SPO2 were recorded before extubation, extubation immediately , 1min,3min after extubation. Operation time, recovery time , extubation time , propofol and remifentanil total volume, the degree of bucking were also observed. results HR, MAP of group B and group C were significantly lower than group A at immediate extubation, 1 min, 3min after extubation; HR, MAP has no significant difference (P﹥ 0.05) with before extubation in group C. Three groups have no significant difference (P﹥ 0.05) at awake time, extubation time. The incidence of bucking in group B and C was lower than group A(P ﹤0.05). Conclusion continuous infusion of 0.05 ug • kg-1 • min-1 of remifentanil until extubation or a bolus dose of remifentanil 1ug • kg-1 is safe and may reduce the bucking response during extubation ,and may offer superior hemodynamic stability to extubation without affecting recover from anesthesia.