Background Brain functional connectivity, also called integration, refers to the existence of statistical dependencies between signals in the uncoupling nervous system, which is relative to the anatomical connectivity. Recently, it is found that the functional connectivity between different regions of the brain is closely associated with the consciousness. And the mechanisms of anesthetic drug-induced loss of consciousness may be related to functional connectivity. Objective Review the advance in the mechanisms of general anesthetics, from the perspective of the relationship of brain functional connectivity and consciousness. Content Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has great advantages in the analysis of brain functional connectivity. Studies of the effect of general anesthetics on functional connectivity of different brain regions using rs-fMRI suggested that one of the possible action targets of anesthetics is the brain functional connectivity. Trend The development of rs-fMRI technology offers a new insight into the exploration of the mechanisms of anesthetics.