【Abstract】Background: It is critical that once the thromboembolic events occurred during perioperation. A lots of patients with deep venous thromboembolism may be dangerous to their life at onset. It is difficult todiagnose at early period, because of the clinical manifestation is occult and atypical. Object: It is worth to note the identification and prevention of high risk of patients withthromboembolism, for early correct diagnosis and effective treatment is at first of all. Content: Overview the risk assessment, prevention and treatment of thromboembolism during perioperative. Tend: To enhance the understanding of such diseases from a new perspective, use of advanced diagnostic tools, new treatments for prevention of thromboembolism.