Background　The danger of tobacco is one of the world's most serious public health problem. At present there are about 350 million smokers in China， accounting for 1/3 of the total smokers worldwide， in which adult male smoking rate is 66.0%， 3.08% for women. Tobacco addiction is essentially nicotine dependence. Nicotine dependence increases the proportion of patients suffering from chronic pain diseases. Clinical and animal studies found that nicotine has analgesic effects.　Objective　To understand the neurobiological mechanisms of analgesic effects of nicotine and their research progress.　Content　Analgesic effects of nicotine are mediated by nAChR. α4β2 nAChRs play analgesic effects by supraspinal mechanisms，α7 nAChRs play a role in cholinergic anti?蛳inflammatory reflection， thereby affecting migration， proliferation and activation of microglia， then play an analgesic effect.　Trend　Studying on analgesic effects of nicotine and the change s of physiological mechanisms in pain after nicotine dependence?蛳abstinence lays the Foundation for research on treatment of pain in patients with smoking.