【Abstract】Objective To observe the protection effect of increasing activity of O-GlcNAc pathway by glutamine treatment in the Rats acute renal injury induced by CLP. Methods seventy six healthy Sprague—Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups：the CLP group (group C n=16) received cecal ligation and puncture(CLP) ; Sham-operation group (group S n=12);the glutamine group(group G n=16)received CLP and intravenous injection of 0.75g•kg-1 glutamine in 1 hour;the quercetin and glutamine treatment group (group Q n=16 ) received peritoneal injection of 0.4g/kg quercetin before glutamine treatment and all the the procedure in the group G;the alloxan and glutamine treatment group (group A n=16) received peritoneal injection of 90mg•kg-1 alloxan before glutamine treatment and all the the procedure in the group G.All groups have general anaesthesia and MAP monitoring for 16h ,then return to cage.After 24h,all the rats survival were anesthetized again to draw blood for arterial blood gas analysis and detection of Cr ,and urine for kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1).The kidney was reserved to detect the expression of O-GlcNAc and HSP70 by Western Blotting after the rats were sacrificed. Result The MAP was stable,and the lactic acid at 24h was nomal in the group S.The descent of MAP exceeded 30% in the group C at 16h after CLP,and was obvious in group G、Q and A ,and the lactic acid increased at 24h compared to which in the group S(P<0.05).As compared to Cr（35.7±5.9mmol/l）and KIM-1（47.0±3.7ng/l） in group S,the Cr（57.4±4.9mmol/l）and KIM-1（66.3±8.8ng/l） increased in the group C(P<0.05).After treatment with glutamine in the group G ,the Cr（42.2±5.4mmol/l）and KIM-1（53.7±3.0ng/l）decreased accompanied by the increasing expression of O-GlcNAc and HSP70 as compared to which in group C(P<0.05).After pretreatment with quercetin in group Q,and alloxan in group A,the Cr（51.4±2.9mmol/l、57.4±2.6mmol/l）and KIM-1（70.9±17.7ng/l、75.3±10.9ng/l）increased as compared to which in group G(P<0.05).The expression of O-GlcNAc in the group A ，and HSP in the two groups decreased as compared to which in group G(P<0.05). Conclusion Glutamine may induces the expression of HSP70 in rats by increasing the activities of O-GlcNAc pathway，then to ameliorate Inflammation,protest the kidney.