Background Dexmedetomidine（DEX） is a highly selective α2 adrenoreceptor agonist providing dose-dependent sedation, analgesia, anxiolysis and sympatholysis.It decreases the requirement of other anesthetics significantly as an anesthetic adjuvant. Furthermore, DEX can also protect nerve, treat shivering, settle salivation and stomach as well. Objective To review the progress of clinical application of DEX in children and to provide guidance for it’s clinical application. Content The article discusses the pediatric pharmacology of DEX and its current status of clinical application. Trend As an anesthetic adjuvant newly launched in domestic market, DEX has a promising future in pediatric treatment.