【Abstract】Background Intravertebral anesthesia, an anesthetic method commonly used in clinical anesthesia, due to the exact effect of anesthesia, low requirements for equipment, therefore, is widely applied in the primary hospital in our country. However, Intravertebral anesthesia can cause a higher incidence of low back pain, which severely affected patient's postoperative quality of life. Therefore, low back pain induced by intravertebral anesthesia has been paid more and more attention. Objective To explore the prevention and treatment of low back pain induced by Intravertebral anesthesia.Content This article reviews the research advances in the mechanism, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods and prevention measures of low back pain induced by intravertebral anesthesia. Trend Low back pain induced by intravertebral anesthesia not only causes patients with physical and psychological harm, but also influence the postoperative quality of life, effective prevention and treatment of low back pain induced by intravertebral anesthesia should get people's attention.