背景 术后认知功能障碍（postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD）是麻醉手术后尤其是老年病人麻醉术后常见的神经系统并发症。 目的 现在从神经系统炎症反应和中枢功能减退等对POCD的影响作一综述，为防治POCD的发生和发展提供有效的方法。 内容 介绍POCD的发生与炎症反应、AMP-激活性蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase ，AMPK)信号通路的改变、tau蛋白、β淀粉样蛋白的改变（β-amyloid ,Aβ）、中枢胆碱能系统功能减退等的关系。 趋势 更深入研究POCD发生的病理机制，从POCD的发生原理上为预防POCD的发生和获得有效的治疗提供新思路。
Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD) refer to the neurological complications after surgery, especially in elderly patients. Objective In order to provide an effective method to prevent and treatment of POCD, this article try to investigate the effects of neuroinflammation and nervous retrogression in POCD. Concent To introduce the relationships between POCD and neuroinflammation, cholinergic system dysfunction, as well as the changes of AMPK signaling, neuronal degeneration pathway. Trend To study themechanisms of POCD or to provide new ideas of effective treatment of POCD.
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