Background　As one of common postoperative complications in critically ill surgical patients， the incidence and mortality of acute renal injury were higher， and which seriously threaten the safety of surgery patients.　Objective　This article reviews the research progress of the novel markers， in order to timely identify and diagnose acute kidney injury（AKI）， reduce the incidence of postoperative AKI， improve the outcomes of surgical critically ill patients with AKI.　Content　To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of novel markers for AKI， and compare its superiority of diagnosis for AKI with the traditional detection in surgical critically ill patients　Trend　Using combined detection with novel markers will be good for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of postoperative AKI in critically ill patients with high risk factors of AKI in the future.