目的 调查经蝶垂体瘤手术后恶心呕吐的发生情况，研究影响其发生率的危险因素。方法 通过前瞻性定群研究的方法，对于2012年5月至10月期间在复旦大学附属华山医院行择期经蝶垂体瘤手术的患者120例进行观察，记录患者在麻醉后恢复室、术后6h内和6～24h内恶心呕吐的发生率，并分析影响恶心呕吐发生率的因素。结果 经蝶垂体瘤手术后恶心呕吐总的发生率为22.5%（27/120），其中在麻醉后恢复室的发生率为1.7%（2/120），术后6h内为11.7%（14/120），术后6～24h为15%（18/120）。多因素分析结果提示女性（OR 4.69, 95%CI 1.4-15.5）和术后6h较高的疼痛评分（OR 3.54, 95%CI 2.1-6.0）是发生PONV的独立危险因素。结论 女性和疼痛是经蝶垂体瘤手术后恶心呕吐的危险因素。
Objective To assess the incidence and risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after transsphenoidal surgery. Methods PONV was prospectively assessed within 24 hours after surgery in 120 patients, who underwent transsphenoidal surgery in Huashan Hospital from May to October 2012. Results The overall incidence of PONV was 22.5% during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Two patients developed PONV in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), 14 patients within 6 h following surgery while 18 patients within 6～24h following surgery. Logistic regression identified female sex（OR 4.69, 95%CI 1.4-15.5）and high pain scores（OR 3.54, 95%CI 2.1-6.0）at 6h after surgery as risk factors for PONV. Conclusion Transsphenoidal surgery has a moderate incidence of PONV. Both female and postoperative pain increase the risk of PONV．
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