Background Sevoflurane, an almost ideal volatile anesthetic,is most commonly used to clinical anesthesia. Many studies have showed that sevoflurane can protect the pulmonary fuction from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Objective In this review, we will introduce the protective mechanism of sevoflurane against ischemia-reperfusion injury by summarizing studies and researches in recent years. Content The sevoflurane can protect the pulmonary function from ischemia-reperfusion injury by decreasing pulmonary tissue permeability, inhibiting the inflammatory reaction, decreasing lipid peroxidation reaction, inhibiting the cell apoptosis, decreasing intracellular calcium overload, etc. Trend Studies should be used to further research of the mechanism of sevoflurane against lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. And strengthening theoretical study combines with clinical application of sevoflurane will provide a reliable basis for the practive work.