【摘要】 背景 α-氨基-3羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor， AMPA）受体介导中枢神经系统大多数兴奋性突触传递，其在突触后膜的运输与学习记忆密切相关。 目的 对AMPA受体在突触后膜的运输与学习记忆的关系作用进行归纳和小结。 内容 介绍AMPA受体运输在学习记忆的重要细胞学基础?蛳突触可塑性的两种主要形式长时程增强（long-term potentiation， LTP）和长时程抑制（long-term depression， LTD）中的改变及其可能机制，涉及多个蛋白的磷酸化和参与调节其改变的信号分子及通路，并说明AMPA受体运输参与相关的学习记忆行为。 趋向 为学习记忆受损相关神经退行性疾病的发生机制的探索提供思路。
【Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ】 Background α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate （AMPA） receptors mediate the overwhelming majority of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking is closely related to learning and memory. Objective To review the relationship between postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking and learning and memory. Content This review introduces the changes of AMPA receptor trafficking and the underlying mechanisms in long-term potentiation （LTP） and long-term depression （LTD）- the two most characterized forms of synaptic plasticity. Both forms of synaptic plasticity are thought to be the cellular basis of learning and memory. The phosphorylation of multiple proteins and the modification of related signaling molecules and pathways are involved in these processes. The role of AMPA receptor trafficking in learning and memory behavior is also discussed. Trend To provide new ideas for dissecting the mechanisms of learning and memory related neurodegenerative diseases.
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