Background Remote schemic conditioning has been indentified by surgeons as a noninvasive and endogenous protective phenomenon in cardiovascular surgery. But limited to time and ethic ,it can’t be easily carried out when there is no acute organ ischemia. Objective To review the recent progress on the myocardial protection with remote ischemic conditioning. Content This article reviewed the history 、 evolution and clinic application of remote ischemic conditioning and the underlying mechanism . Trend Remote ischemic conditioning has a broad clinical prospect in thrombolytic therapy ,angioplasty and cardiac surgery．