国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2014, Issue (11): 9-9
    
Shikani喉镜经口不同径路气管插管对血液动力学影响的临床研究
张辉, 刘鲲鹏1()
1.卫生部中日友好医院
Comparison of hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation with Shikani optical stylet by different approachs.
 全文:
摘要:

目的 研究视可尼(Shikani Optical Stylet,SOS)左侧磨牙入路、正中入路和右侧磨牙入路经口气管插管对血液动力学的影响。方法 选择92例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级、年龄20~65岁和拟在经口气管插管全身麻醉下施择期手术的患者,采用随机数字表法随机分为SOS左侧磨牙入路组(SL组,30例)、正中入路组(SM组,32例)和右侧磨牙入路组(SR组,30例)。麻醉诱导后分别采用SOS不同径路实施经口气管插管操作,观察两组患者麻醉诱导前、后,气管插管时和气管插管后5 min内的血压(blood pressure,BP)、心率(heart rate,HR)和二重指数(rate pressure product,RPP)的变化,并记录气管插管时间。结果 右侧磨牙入路经口气管插管的操作时间较左侧磨牙入路明显延长。麻醉诱导后,三组患者的BP和RPP均较麻醉诱导前明显降低。与麻醉诱导后相比较,气管插管后三组患者的BP、HR和RPP明显升高。与麻醉诱导前相比较,三组患者气管插管后的HR明显升高,且HR增快持续时间为1~3 min。与SL组相比较,SR组气管插管后即刻收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)明显升高;与SM组相比较,SR组气管插管后即刻SBP、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)和平均动脉压(mean artery pressure,MAP)明显升高。观察期SBP和HR变化率大于基础值30%的发生率在SL组分别为16.7%和46.7%,SM组分别为10%和50%,SR组分别为16.7%和33.3%,三组SBP大于基础值30%的发生率和RPP大于22 000的发生率无明显差异,三组患者在气管插管开始后和气管插管完成后SBP和HR出现最大值的时间无显著性差异。结论 在采用SOS经口不同径路气管插管时,左侧磨牙入路经口气管插管操作的操作时间最短;左侧磨牙入路和正中入路可引起类似的血液动力学反应,而右侧磨牙入路可引起较为剧烈的血液动力学反应。

关键词: Shikani喉镜;磨牙入路;经口气管插管;血流动力学
Abstract:

Objective To compare the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation with a Shikani Optical Stylet (SOS) using left molar approach,median approach and right approach. Method 92 patients ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ,aged 20-65 years,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were randomly allocated to the SOS group by the left molar approach (SL group),the median approach (SM group) or the right molar approach (SR group). After an intravenous anesthetic induction,the orotracheal intubation was performed using a SOS. Invasive blood pressure and HR were recorded before and after anesthetic induction,immediately after intubation and 5 minutes after intubation with 1-minute interval and the intubation time was also noted. Rate-pressure product (RPP) were calculated. Results As compared with SL group,the time to successful intubation in SR group is significantly longer. After anesthetic induction,blood pressures and RPP in the three groups decreased significantly compared to their preinduction values. As comparison with their postinduc-tion values,the orotracheal intubation in the three groups caused significant increases in BPs, HRs and RPP. HRs of three groups after intubation were significantly higher than their baseline values,and increase in HR lasted for 1-3 min. As compared with SL group,SBP immediately after intubation was significantly higher in SR group. As compared with group,SBP、DBP and MAP immediately after intubation in SR group was significantly higher. The incidences of SBP and HR more than 130% of baseline value are 16.7% and 46.7% in SL group,10% and 50% in SM group,16.7% and 33.3% in SR group. The incidences of SBP more than 130% of baseline value and RPP more than 22 000 were not significantly differently. The occurrence time of SBP and HR maximum after intubation beginning and intubation completion were not significant between three groups. Con-clusion The intubation time in SR group is shortest in three group. The orotracheal in-tubation with SOS by the left molar approach and the median approach provide similar hemodynamic responses, orotracheal intubation with SOS by the right molar approach provide more severe hemodynamic responses.

Key words: Shikani Optical Stylet;Molar approach;Orotracheal intubation; Hemodynamic responses