国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2014, Issue (5): 1-1
    
不同剂量地佐辛对全麻手术患者术后尿管引起膀胱刺激症的效果
李红伟, 原大江, 徐文会, 王海霞1()
1.山西医科大学
Efficacy of different doses of dezocine on catheter-related bladder discomfort of patients with operation under general anesthesia
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摘要:

目的 评价不同剂量地佐辛对全麻恢复期尿管相关膀胱刺激症(catheter-related bladder discomfort, CRBD)的治疗效果。 方法 择期全麻下行后路椎体间植骨融合术男性患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄40岁~65岁,体重指数在18~25之间,选择送达麻醉恢复室(post anesthesia care unit, PACU)后主诉CRBD患者100例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为4组(每组25例),对照组(C组)静脉注射生理盐水2 ml,不同剂量地佐辛组(D1~3组)分别静脉注射地佐辛5、7.5、10 mg。分别于用药后即刻(T0)、1(T1)、2 h(T2)和6 h(T3),评估患者CRBD的程度和镇静程度,记录手术时间、术中舒芬太尼用量、PACU芬太尼用量以及副作用发生情况。 结果 T1、T2、T3时刻,C组CRBD程度[(轻度8例、中度15例、重度2例)、(无症状患者1例、轻度12例、中度11例、重度1例)、(无症状患者3例、轻度14例、中度7例、重度1例)]与D1组[(轻度15例、中度9例、重度1例)、(无症状患者7例、轻度14例、中度4例)、(无症状患者10例、轻度14例、中度1例)]、D2组[(无症状者1例、轻度17例、中度6例、重度1例)、(无症状患者13例、轻度10例、中度2例)、(无症状患者14例、轻度10例、中度1例)]、D3组[(无症状患者1例、轻度17例、中度7例)、(无症状者12例、轻度12例、中度1例)、(无症状患者15例、轻度9例、中度1例)]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),D1组CRBD程度与D2组、D3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); T1、T2时刻,C组镇静程度[(无症状患者23例、轻度2例)、(无症状者25例)]与D1组[(无症状患者10例、轻度15例)、(无症状患者7例、轻度18例)]、D2组[(无症状患者2例、轻度21例、中度2例)、(无症状患者3例、轻度22例)]、D3组[(无症状患者1例、轻度21例、中度3例)、(无症状患者2例、轻度22例、中度1例)]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 地佐辛可以缓解CRBD,其适宜剂量为7.5 mg。

关键词: 全麻; 尿管相关膀胱刺激症; 躁动; 地佐辛
Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different doses of dezocine on catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) of patients with operation under general anesthesia. Methods Male patients (40 y-65 y) who suffered posterior lumbar interbody fusionare were selected in this research. Their body mass index was between 18-25 with ASA Ⅰor Ⅱ grade. One hundred cases of patients who complained CRBD in post anesthesia care unit (PACU) were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=25). The control group patients (group C) were intravenously injected with saline 2 ml, while the experimental group patients (groups D1 - D3) with different doses of dezocine were intravenously injected with dezocine 7.5 mg and 10 mg respectively. Immediately after administration (T0), and at 1(T1), 2 h (T2) and 6 h (T3), the CRBD and sedation level were assessed. Moreover, the operation time, intraoperative dosage of sufentanil, dosage of fentanyl in PACU, and adverse reactions were all recorded. Results CRBD levels were significantly higher in group C [(8 mild, 15 moderate and 2 severe) at T1 (1 asymptomatic, 12 mild, 11 moderate and 1 severe) at T2,(3 asymptomatic, 14 mild, 7 moderate and 1 severe) at T3] than that in group D1[(15 mild, 9 moderate and 1 severe) at T1 (7 asymptomatic, 14 mild and 4 moderate) at T2,(10 asymptomatic, 14 mild and 1 moderate) at T3], group D2 [(1 asymptomatic, 17 mild, 6 moderate and 1 severe) at T1, (13 asymptomatic, 10 mild and 2 moderate) at T2, (14 asymptomatic, 10 mild and 1 moderate) at T3] and group D3 [(1 asymptomatic, 17 mild, 7 moderate) at T1, (12 asymptomatic, 12 mild and 1 moderate) at T2, (15 asymptomatic, 9 mild and 1 moderate) at T3] (P<0.05). Compared with that of group D1, at T1, T2, and T3, CRBD levels in group D2 and D3 were decreased (P<0.05). Sedation levels in group D1 [(10 asymptomatic and 15 mild) at T1, (7 asymptomatic and 18 mild) at T2], D2 [(2 asymptomatic, 21 mild and 2 moderate) at T1, (3 asymptomatic and 22 mild) at T2] and D3 [(1 asymptomatic, 21 mild and 3 moderate) at T1, (2 asymptomatic, 22 mild and 1 moderate) at T2] were increased as compared with that of C group [(23 asymptomatic and 2 mild) at T1, (25 asymptomatic) at T2] (P<0.05). Conclusions Dezocine can relieve CRBD, which suitable dose is 7.5 mg.

Key words: General anesthesia; Catheter?蛳related bladder discomfort; Agitation; Dezocine