Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To study the effects of rapamycin（RAPA） on sevoflurane preconditioning during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion（I/R） in rats.　Methods　Thirty-six healthy adult male Wistar rats， 250 g-280 g， were randomly divided into three groups（n=12）： group I/R， group sevoflurane preconditioning（group S+I/R）， group sevoflurane preconditioning plus RAPA（group S+I/R+RAPA）. The hearts were excised and perfused in a langendorff apparatus. The left ventricular diastolic pressure（LVEDP）， left ventricular developed pressure（LVDP）， the maximum rate of increase or decrease of left ventricular pressure（±dp/dtmax）， heart rate（HR） were recorded at 30 min of equilibrium and 120 min of reperfusion respectively. Myocardial infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） levels were examined by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC） staining and enzyme standard method at 120 min of reperfusion. Expressions of microtubule-associated protein 1 light 3 （LC3）， target of rapamycin （mTOR）， phosphorylated mTOR（p-mTOR） were determined by Western blotting.　Results　After reperfusion， compared with that in group I/R， the cardiac function in group S+I/R was improved（P<0.05）， the myocardial infarct size［（47±6）%，（29±5）%］， LDH levels［（29±5） U/L，（19±4） U/L］ and the expressions of LC3-Ⅱwere decreased（P<0.05）， while the expression of p-mTOR increased in group S+I/R（P<0.05）. Compared with that in group S+I/R， the cardiac function in group S+I/R+RAPA was worse（P<0.05）， the myocardial infarct size［（29±5）%，（46±3）%］， LDH levels［（19±4） U/L，（27±5） U/L］ and the expressions of LC3-Ⅱwere increased（P<0.05）， while the expression of p-mTOR decreased （P<0.05） in group S+I/R+RAPA（P<0.05）.　Conclusions　Rapamycin could decrease the protective effective of sevoflurane preconditioning and may be related to p-mTOR and autophagy.