Background　Acute lung injury（ALI） is a syndrome of interstitial pulmonary and alveolar diffuse edema caused by direct or indirect factors， which could further develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）. Sepsis is the critical cause of ALI/ARDS. A lot of studies had been performed in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS， particularly the role of signaling pathway mediated by Toll-like receptor. Recently， the signaling pathway mediated by non-Toll-like receptors has attracted a lot of attentions.　Objective　The aim of this article was to summary the roles of non-Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis and pathophysiological process of ALI induced by sepsis， thus to provide the early molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of acute lung injury.　Content　The role of non-Toll-like receptors signaling pathways in mechanisms of the acute lung injury induced by sepsis was reviewed in present article. 　Trend　Non-Toll-like receptors played critical role in the pathogenesis of ALI induced by sepsis， which will be the focus issue of research field.