Background　Aspiration of foreign bodies by children is a common problem around the world. Asphyxiation caused by foreign bodies is the major reason of accidental death. The anesthesiologists share airway with surgeons， and the changes vary easily during the removal of airway foreign bodies， so the risk of anesthesia is much higher. If anesthesia and respiration are not arranged probably， the complication such as hypoxemia or laryngospasm may occur. And the mortality of the patients increases.　Objective　The retrieval of foreign bodies needs well arranged anesthetic and airway management which can certify sufficient oxygen and reduce the rate of complications.　Content　By collecting and organizing the recent progress on anesthetic management about tracheobronchial foreign bodies both at home and abroad， we can improve and perfect the methods of anesthesia.　Trend　All anesthesiologists can choose proper anesthetic management according to their own experience and the equipment they have， and appropriate anesthesia to reduce mortality in children.