Background　It has been generally valued that noninvasive positive pressure ventilation （NIPPV） has played a supportive role in improving respiratory function in critical illnesses and post-operation. However， the applications of NIPPV in anesthesia has not been sufficiently made so far as our literature review is concerned.　Objective 　to review the advancements of the clinical applications of NIPPV during the perioperative period， and to provide reference for clinical practices.　Content　This article cover elaborately the applications of NIPPV pre-anesthesia， during anesthesia， post deep anesthesia extubation and during anesthesia recovery period.　Trend　The ever-increasing applications of NIPPV in perioperation is an effective way to support respiratory function.