背景 大量的研究表明全身麻醉苏醒与觉醒有着相同的中枢神经通路，即在觉醒期表现活跃的脑区、大脑皮质及相关脑区增多的神经递质与全身麻醉苏醒期有着一致改变。 目的 总结分析上行觉醒神经系统在全身麻醉苏醒中的作用，为全身麻醉药物苏醒机制的进一步研究提供新的思路。 内容 主要从全身麻醉苏醒的简介、上行觉醒神经通路、觉醒神经通路参与全身麻醉苏醒等三方面就与此相关的研究进展作一系统的综述。 趋向 上行觉醒系统在全身麻醉苏醒机制中的关键作用将会被进一步关注与深入研究，为解决苏醒延迟导致的术后谵妄或术后认知功能障碍等问题提供新的线索。
Background Recent studies have shown that emergence from general anesthesia and arousal may share the same neuropath, as the activation of the brain region and cortex during arousal with the increased neurotransmitters are consistent with the change during the emergence. Objective This paper summarized the role of ascending arousal systems in emergence and provided new ideas for advanced research. Content This paper reviewed related research on emergence from three aspects, including introduction of emergence, ascending arousal systems and ascending arousal neural pathways in emergence. Trend The key role of the ascending arousal systems in emergence will deserve further attention and in-depth study, and provide new clues for delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction related to delayed emergence from general anesthesia.
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