Background　Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in the innate immune system by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns derived from various microbes. Meanwhile, TLRs can regulate the acquired immunity by triggering dendritic cells to become maturation. TLRs signal controls the type, degree and duration of inflammatory reaction through the recruitment of specific adaptor molecules and other regulating pathways.　Objective　To make a elaboration and a further understanding of TLRs signal transduction pathways and the regulation on inflammatory cytokines, to provide new method of reasonable regulation on inflammatory reactions.　Content　This review will describe recent progress about TLR-signaling pathways and the regulation on inflammatory cytokines.　Trend　There has been more research about TLRs and infectious inflammatory reaction,but the relationship between TLRs and noninfectious inflammatory reaction is still not clear, and needs further research.