Background　Endometriosis(EMT) is one of the most common diseases in women of reproductive age, whose predominant clinical symptom is intractable chronic pain. Recent studies indicate that EMT-associated pain is related to significant changes in the nervous system.　Objective　To review the neural mechanisms underlying EMT-associated pain.　Content　To review the animal models and characteristics of EMT-associated pain, mechanisms of peripheral and central sensitization, and the effect of spinal cord stimulation(SCS) on the treatment of EMT-associated pain.　Trend　To illuminate the mechanisms underlying EMT-associated hyperalgesia may provide a new viable method for the management of EMT-associated pain.