Background Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a syndrome of heart defect disease, including ventricular septal defect (VSD) and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOT), with different degrees of heart malformation, the majority of children within 1 year old are administered radical operation. For such children, preoperative evaluation and appropriate preoperative sedation regimens to reduce the right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and right to left shunt, avoid preoperative anxiety,assure safety of transition to OR is quite important. Objective To understand the preoperative assessment of Tetralogy of Fallot, preoperative sedation regimens and provide the reference for clinical medication.Content The review focus on preoperative assessment and premedication for children undergoing elective surgery.Trend Directions for future research should be committed to a more safe and effective preoperative sedation regimens and interaction of different premedication and induced drug.