Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of oxycodone hydrochloride combined with ropivacaine used in patient controlled epidural analgesia(PCEA) after cesarean section.　Methods　Sixty patients underwent cesarean section following combined spinal epidural anesthesia(CSEA) and received PCEA were randomly divided into three groups: fentanyl and ropivacaine group(group FR): 2 mg/L fentanyl and 0.15% ropivacaine, oxycodone and ropivacaine group(group OR): 100 mg/L oxycodone hydrochloride and 0.15% ropivacaine, oxycodone and low dose of ropivacaine group(group ORL): 100 mg/L oxycodone hydrochloride and 0.1% ropivacaine. The drug was diluted with saline water to 150 ml. There were 20 patients for every group. Postoperative analgesia constant speed pump and the epidural catheters were connected for every patients at the end of operation. The pump was set for injection 2 ml/h and bolus for 2 ml, locking time 30 min. Patient′s MAP, HR, Bromage score, VAS, total amount of drugs and cases of adverse reactions were recorded into the operating room (T0), start operation (T1), 2 h after operation (T2), 4 h after operation (T3), 8 h after operation (T4), 16 h after operation (T5), 24 h after operation (T6), 48 h after operation (T7), 2 h after remove the pump(T8).　Results　The VAS score for the group OR (3.4±0.5), group ORL (3.3±0.6) and group FR(5.3±0.6) during massage uterus pain which group OR and group ORL decreased significantly compared with group FR(P<0.05). Total drug dosage of group OR[(103±5) ml] and group ORL[(102±6) ml] decreased more obviously than group FR[(124±7) ml](P<0.05). There was no significant difference between OR and ORL groups(P>0.05).　Conclusions　Oxycodone hydrochloride combined with ropivacaine can be safely and effectively used in PCEA after cesarean section. This combination also decrease the dose of local anesthetics in epidural anesthesia.