Background As a non-pungency inhaled agent with less respiratory irritation and less affected on respiratory and circulation , Sevoflurane has been widely used in pediatric anesthesia. However ,the incidence of pediatric emergence delirium is higher than adults, and very adverse to postoperative management. Objective To improve the quality of children’s recovery from sevoflurane general anesthesia. Content This article systematically reviews the research advance in emergence delirium in children after sevoflurane general anesthesia and summarizes its possible pathogenesis and intervention measures. Trend Recently，main research direction for agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia focus on its possible mechanisms, evaluation standards and preventions and treatments.