Background　Studies have confirmed that exposure to commonly used general anesthetics during juvenile stage causes cognitive and behavioral ability impairment in later life. However, the mechanism is not clearly demonstrated yet. The sensory system, meanwhile, plays an important role in cognitive development.　Objective　To discuss anesthetics′ effect on audio and visual sensory system used during infancy and its possible mechanism.　Content　Sum up anesthetics′ effect on sensory system. Analyze the underlying mechanism.　Trend　Anesthetics have been proved to be cause for damage of sensory system. But more exact research results are needed to explore its long-term effect and certify potential mechanism.