【Abstract】Objective Assessment of miR-122 expression in peripheral blood and liver injury after liver resection under propofol anesthesia, to explore the possibility of miR-122 in plasma as the liver injury biomarkers after liver resection. Methods Screening of 101 patients who underwent elective surgery for liver tumors. Record the general condition of the patients, narcotic drugs and anesthesia. Record intraoperative tumor size, type of surgery, whether Pringle, blood loss, transfusion. Record kidney function in patients within 12-24 hours after surgery. Peripheral blood was taken and miR-122 concentration in the circulating blood was measured after the first day after surgery. Application of statistical analysis of the correlation of circulating miR-122 and postoperative liver injury. Results The miR-122 and ALT values have good correlation, correlation coefficient of 0.937. The miR-122 and AST values and has good correlation, the correlation coefficient was 0.764. ALT values and miR-122 after the first day of surgery, male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. The amount of bleeding has a significant correlation with the postoperative increase of ALT, AST, miR-122. With or without portal triad clamping has a significant correlation with the postoperative increase of AST and miR-122. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the expression of miR-122 in plasma has a good correlation with liver injury that was induced by liver cancer resection under propofol anesthesia. The miR-122 may be more sensitive to ischemic liver injury and trauma-induced liver injury, miR-122 can be used as liver tumor resection of liver injury markers.