Background　The endothelial glycocalyx is a proteoglycans layer lining the vascular endothelium. It plays an important role in the physiology and pathology of the blood vessels.　Objective　Exploring the guiding role of endothelial glycocalyx in fluid resuscitation.　Content　The endothelial glycocalyx is an important factor determining the vascular permeability. It sheds when liquid is overloaded.　Trend　Monitoring the degradation products of glycocalyx can guide appropriate liquid input to reduce capillary leakage and improve tissue oxygen, and then improve the patient's prognosis.