Background Cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring has been widely used in the multidisciplinary perioperative, which would found cerebral ischemia/hypoxia and cerebral perfusion changes in season. Objective The aim of this review is to outline three methods of brain oxygenation monitoring and provide practical reference data for clinical work. Content This review includes aspects: the principle of monitoring technology, clinical application, deficiencies and the development trend of three methods. Trend Brain tissue oxygen tension monitoring and near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring has been widely used in cardiac surgery, neurosurgery perioperative management and ICU, and which prevent the cerebral ischemia and cerebral perfusion has important guiding significance and good prospect of clinical application.