Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To analyze the failure factors of lightwand intubation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS).　Methods　The clinical data of sixty AS patients underwent lightwand tracheal intubation of which forty-two cases of successful intubation, eighteen cases of failed intubation were retrospectively analyzed. The following data were recorded: IBM, interincisor gap，thyromental distance, global kyphosis (GK), cervical range of motion (CROM), cervical curve. According to the results of intubation, patients were divided into two groups: success group (group A, n=42) and failure group (group B, n=18). The differences of parameters between the two groups were compared. Furthermore, the logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors correlated with lightwand tracheal intubation failure.　Results　Compared with group A, thyromental distance and cervical curve were statistically lower in group B（P＜0.05）, in contrast, BMI, interincisor gap, GK and CROM had no statistically significant difference. Logistic regression analysis indicated that cervical curve (OR=0.39, P=0.005) was independent risk factor of lightewand tracheal intubation failure.　Conclusions　AS patients with cervical imaging and local forward, lightwand tracheal intubation is not a suitable method being used.