Background　With the widely application of tourniquet, its adverse reaction has attracted close attention.　Objective　To elaborate research progresses of mechanism and prevention measures of tourniquet adverse reaction.　Content　Summarize the types, applicable scope and various adverse reactions of tourniquet. Review the mechanism of tourniquet adverse reaction and its prevention measures.　Trend　Understanding the tourniquet related adverse reaction mechanism and prevention measures for reducing tourniquet-induced injury in clinical work.