Background　Blood glucose is the main energy source of human body. Many perioperative factors can cause significant change of blood glucose levels, which lead to poor prognosis and even increase mortality.　Objective　To make a elaboration and a further understanding of the related research reports about the influence of perioperative blood glucose status and its change on prognosis.　Content　This review systematically summarized the definitions of different perioperative blood glucose status and the impact of it on patients′ prognosis and analyzed the reasonable program of perioperative blood glucose management.　Trend　The perioperative blood glucose status and its change are closely related to patients′ prognosis. Therefore, taking effective measures to monitor, regulate perioperative blood glucose changes and maintain stable blood glucose level will help to achieve rapid postoperative recovery.