Chronic post-surgical pain is a perioperative complication that post-surgical pain condition lasts more than 3 months with the exclusion of other causes, which is seriously underestimated in clinic and affecting the prognosis and quality of life of patients. The prevention and therapy of chronic post-surgical pain, as well as improvement of perioperative quality and long-term prognosis of patients becomes a difficult problem for anesthesiologist nowadays. With the idea of multimodal analgesia, different perioperative analgesia method provides new indications for chronic post-surgical pain. This article, based on existing drug and analgesic technology, reviewed the current idea and methods for the perioperative pain management, especially the prevention of chronic post-surgical pain.