目的 观察术前口服加巴喷丁对神经外科开颅手术患者术后恶心呕吐（postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV）的影响。 方法 择期幕下开颅手术的患者80例，按随机数字表法分为加巴喷丁组和对照组，每组40例。两组患者于术前一晚和术日晨，分别口服加巴喷丁或对照药物，加巴喷丁总剂量为1 200 mg。观察术后0~2 h及2~24 h PONV的发生情况；记录手术、麻醉及拔管时间，术后镇静程度。 结果 术后0~2 h及2~24 h PONV发生率及严重程度，加巴喷丁组较对照组明显降低（P<0.05），两组患者手术时间、麻醉时间和拔管时间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。与对照组比较，加巴喷丁组术后2 h Ramsay镇静评分明显升高（P<0.05）。 结论 术前口服加巴喷丁能有效改善神经外科开颅手术患者PONV。
Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ To observe the effect of preoperative oral administration of gabapentin on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing infratentorial craniotomy. Methods Eighty adult patients scheduled for infratentorial craniotomy were randomly divided into control group or gabapentin group. Patients received two capsules of gabapentin or control drug orally with a sip of water the night before surgery and two hours before anesthesia induction, respectively. The total dose of gabapentin was 1 200 mg. The incidence of PONV were recorded 0-2 h and 2-24 h postoperatively. The duration of anesthesia and surgery, the time to tracheal extubation and the incidence of adverse events were also recorded. Results The incidences of PONV in gabapentin group were lower than the incidences in control group 0-2 h and 2-24 h postoperatively(P<0.05). There was no significant difference on the duration of anesthesia, surgery and the time to tracheal extubation. Ramsay sedation score of gabapentin group was higher than that of control group at 2 h after operation(P<0.05). Conclusions Preoperative oral gabapentin effectively decreases the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing infratentorial craniotomy.
Cited
)
