Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To evaluate the effect of transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB) on postoperative recovery of patients with colorectal cancer.　Methods　Sixty patients with colorectal cancer undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomized into two groups (n=30): transversus abdominis plane block group (group TAPB) and control group (group C). Patients in group TAP and group C respectively received postoperative TAPB and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA). The VAS scores, bed rest time, and the time of first exhaustion were recorded 4, 8, 12, 24 h after operation. The protein levels of plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein(CRP) were determined before surgery, immediately after surgery, and 4, 12, 24 h after surgery.　Results　The VAS scores 4, 8, 12, 24 h after TAPB in group TAPB were significantly lower than those in group C(P<0.05). Patients in group TAPB had shorter bed rest time and earlier exhaustion than patients in group C(P<0.05). The protein levels of IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in group C did not differ immediately after surgery, but were significantly reduced 4, 12, 24 h after surgery, compared with those in group C (P<0.05).　Conclusions　TAPB can effectively relieve postoperative pain and reduce the production of inflammatory factors, therefore is beneficial for patients' postoperative rehabilitation.