国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2019, Issue (6): 0-0
    
妊娠合并肺动脉高压产妇的麻醉研究进展
倪媛, 顾小萍, 马正良1()
1.东南大学医学院
Review of advances on anesthesia for pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension
 全文:
摘要:

肺动脉高压(pulmonary hypertension, PH)是指静息状态下右心导管测得平均肺动脉压≥25 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)的病理生理状态,长期PH会增加右心室后负荷,最终导致右心衰竭。正常妊娠期的血流动力学变化会加重PH孕妇的右心室负担,从而加剧右心衰继而全心衰的发生。文章通过回顾PH的流行病学与病理生理学、妊娠对PH的影响以及PH产妇的麻醉管理等研究进展,总结围手术期管理经验,为临床提供理论依据。目前认为,PH产妇应在分娩前行多学科团队联合诊疗,推荐的分娩方式是妊娠34~36周行剖宫产术,建议使用椎管内麻醉。产妇分娩结束后可转入ICU监护治疗。文章旨在通过加强围手术期管理改善产妇及新生儿预后,降低妊娠合并PH产妇的病死率。

关键词: 肺动脉高压; 妊娠; 麻醉
Abstract:

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological status characterized by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of at least 25 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) at rest measured by right heart catheterization. Chronic PH will increase the afterload of right ventricular and eventually lead to right heart failure. Hemodynamic changes in normal pregnancy can exacerbate the right ventricular burden in pregnant women with PH, sequentially causing right heart failure and following circulatory failure. The aim of this review is to summarize the perioperative management experience by reviewing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of PH, the influence of pregnancy on PH and anesthesia for delivery with PH, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical practice. It is currently considered, that pregnant women with PH should be treated with multidisciplinary team therapy before delivery. The cesarean section with spinal anesthesia in 34-36 weeks of pregnancy is recommended. Maternal ICU treatment is preferably provided after delivery. This review is intended to improve maternal and neonatal prognosis and reduce maternal mortality in pregnancy with PH by enhancing perioperative management.

Key words: Pulmonary hypertension; Pregnancy; Anesthesia