Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　We tested that whether a checklist for handover between anesthesiologist and post anesthesia care unit (PACU) nurse would increase the amount of information transfer during patient handover after anesthesia.　Methods　One hundred and twenty patients after anesthesia were divided into three groups: group A (n=40), which does not transfer and explain any items that need to be handed over and does not use the anesthesia handover checklist to carry out the transfer team. According to the method of random number table, the rest of 80 patients were divided into group B and group C (n=40). According to the requirements of the anesthetic handover checklist, all the items that needed to be handed over to the anesthesiologist were transferred and explained. But the anesthetic handover checklist group (group B) was not used when the shift was handed over. In group C, all the items that needed to be handed over to the anesthesiologist were transferred and explained by using anesthesia handover checklist when the shift was handed over. We then observed the handover ratios of all projects, the handover ratios of individual projects, and the duration of the handover.　Results　The handover proportion of all items in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (P<0.05). Intraoperative posture, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, activity tolerance, dosage, allergen, preoperative cognitive function, anesthetic-related drugs and, catheter placement, failed puncture, artificial airway type, fluid management, use of vasoactive drugs, ventilator operating parameters, oxygen concentration, blood gas parameters, antibiotics name, antibiotics need to continue to use, confirm blood type, confirm the remaining available blood preparation, destination [ward, PACU, intensive care unit (ICU)], personal effects and anesthetic documents in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (P<0.05). The duration of the handover in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (P<0.05).　Conclusions　This study suggests that the use of a checklist for post-anesthesia handover might improve the quality of patient handover by increasing the information handed over.