Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine(Dex) combined with sufentanil or postoperative analgesia on the sleep quality of patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.　Methods　A total of 60 patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into two groups (n=30): a sufentanil group (group A) and a Dex combined with sufentanil group (group B). Group A received 2 μg/kg sufentanil, while group B received 2 μg/kg sufentanil and 200 μg/kg Dex. The Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), sufentanil consumptions, Medicaoutcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) and sleep problem index (SPI) were analyzed.　Results　Compared with group A, group B showed remarkable decreases in VAS scores 6, 12, 24 h and 48 h after surgery and sufentanil consumption, in addition to marked increased RSS scores (P<0.05). There is no difference in the subjective sleep quality score at the night before surgery, the average time of daily sleep and SPI one week before surgery (P>0.05). Compared with group A, group B showed remarkably increased subjective sleep quality score at the first and second night after surgery and average time of daily sleep, in addition to marked decreased SPI one week after surgery(P>0.05).　Conclusions　Dex combined with sufentanil is effective to control pain for patients after gynecological laparoscopic surgery, and markedly improve sleep quality, which is beneficial for recovery.