Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. They regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis by regulating gene expression and then participate in physiological and pathological processes of the nervous system. Recent studies have found that lncRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke disease, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. This review summarizes research advances on several members of the lncRNAs family most closely related to ischemic stroke in the recent studies and their specific mechanisms of action on the pathological changes in cell and tissues in ischemic areas. These mechanisms could provide a novel theoretical basis for further investigation of the relationship between lncRNAs and ischemic stroke. lncRNAs are expected to be a new target for early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke.