人口老龄化趋势使得老年患者术后认知功能障碍（postoperative cognitive dysfunction, POCD）备受临床医师的关注。由于当前尚无改善认知的特效药物，其围手术期预测因子则显得尤为重要。通过评估老年患者围手术期脑功能，帮助临床医师更好地识别具有潜在高风险的老年人群，为进一步采取有效干预措施提供理论指导。此文分别从神经心理学测试、脑氧饱和度（regional cerebral oxygen saturation, rSO2）监测、神经元损伤生物标志物、影像学检查和脑电图检测入手，分析不同检测方法下POCD的潜在预测因子，对其在国内外应用现状和研究进展进行文献综述。
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients has drew increasing attentions due to the growth of aging population. Since there are no specific drugs for cognition improvement, perioperative predictive factors become particularly important. Evaluation of perioperative brain function in elderly patients can assist clinicians to identify those with high risks, so as provide theoretical guidance for further effective intervention. In the current study, potential predictors of POCD through different detection methods were analyzed, using neuropsychological tests, brain oxygen monitoring, nerve injury biomarkers detection, imaging examinations and electroencephalogram. Meanwhile, related literature was reviewed.
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