Difficult airway management, as a general technique for treatment and rescue in the perioperative period, is closely related to patient safety. With the development of techniques of modern medical imaging and endoscopy, the application of X‑ray, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, video flexible intubation scope and 3D printing technique in difficult airway management is increasing. This article described new progress of using X‑ray in early and recent stages, CT and MRI 3D reconstruction, ultrasound, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, flexible intubation endoscope and 3D printing in the difficult airway management.