National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China has issued two documents: national health administration [2017] No.1191 and national health administration [2018] No.21 to strengthen and improve the anesthesiology medical service. This paper defined the related concepts of anesthesia care, described the professional orientation, responsibility, duties, career development and expectations of nurse for anesthesia. Based on the analysis of the history and current situation of nursing work in anesthesia in China and the comparison with international experience, this paper puts forward suggestions on the construction and management of anesthesia nursing care in China, so as to provide reference for the construction and management of nursing team in anesthesia department.