Fluid treatment is an essential and difficult part of perioperative fluid management and excessive or deficient fluid treatment may result in injury to body tissues. The fluid responsiveness of the body is important for guiding the management of fluid treatment. The article reviewed the basic principles and influencing factors of the indicators commonly used to predict liquid reactivity, their application value and limitations in different operations, so as to provide evidence for rational treatment management of fluid responsiveness in the perioperative period, select appropriate fluid responsiveness indicators, and make early diagnosis and treatment.