Sepsis is the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the occurrence and development of sepsis. This paper introduces the highly dynamic changes of mitochondria in cells, including mitochondrial biosynthesis, autophagy and fusion/fission, which are all involved in the process of mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial oxidation, membrane potential changes and mitochondrial respiratory function) in septic multiple organs. This paper reviews the role of mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial dysfunction in septic organ injury (including heart, lung, kidney, liver, brain, etc.). Intervention in the pathophysiological process of sepsis from the perspective of mitochondrial dynamics may become a new target for the treatment of sepsis.