Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common sleep breathing disorder. The prevalence of OSA in patients undergoing elective surgery has been increasing in recent year，and the risk of perioperative complications increased in patients with OSA. This review briefly presents the methods of preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative airway management of OSA, and organizes the recent related literature on perioperative complications of OSA, aiming to discuss OSA and its related perioperative cardiopulmonary complications, as well as the correlation between OSA and postoperative pain or delirium, in order to offer the optimal perioperative management for patients.